#TIMEHGH OR TIMEINFHGH IN WINNONLIN OFFLINE#

Resistance has emerged and spread to all currently available anti-malarials and reinforces the need for better surveillance strategies. Efforts to control and eliminate malaria have failed repeatedly, often due to the spread of drug-resistant parasites and vectors. Malaria remains a serious public health problem in endemic countries. In view of processing time and ease of analysis, GraphPad Prism 6.0 or IVART are best suited for routine and large-scale drug susceptibility testing. IC 50 estimates obtained from the programs tested were comparable.

#TIMEHGH OR TIMEINFHGH IN WINNONLIN OFFLINE#

Data analysis using WinNonlin or ICE took the longest computationally, whilst the offline ability of GraphPad Prism 6.0 to analyse multiple isolates and drugs simultaneously made it the fastest among the programs tested. WinNonlin, GraphPad Prism 6.0, IVART, and ICE provide alerts for non-fitting data and incorrect data entry, facilitating data interpretation. While HN-NonLin and IVART allow users to enter the data in 96-well format, IVART and GraphPad Prism 6.0 are capable to analyse multiple isolates and drugs in parallel. The user-friendliness varied between packages. There was good correlation of results derived from alternative statistical programs and non-linear mixed-effects modelling (NONMEM) which models all isolate data simultaneously. The IC 50 and slope estimates were similar across all statistical packages for all drugs tested in both species. vivax clinical isolates tested with five anti-malarial agents: chloroquine, amodiaquine, piperaquine, mefloquine, and artesunate. In this study, licensed computer programs WinNonlin and GraphPad Prism 6.0, and the open access programs HN-NonLin, Antimalarial ICEstimator (ICE), and In Vitro Analysis and Reporting Tool (IVART) were tested for their ease of use and ability to estimate reliable IC 50 values from raw drug response data from 31 Plasmodium falciparum and 29 P. The half-maximal inhibition of growth (IC 50) is the most commonly reported parameter expressing drug susceptibility, derived by a variety of statistical approaches, each with its own advantages and disadvantages. In vitro drug susceptibility testing of malaria parasites remains an important component of surveillance for anti-malarial drug resistance.

Timehgh or timeinfhgh in winnonlin